What tests should be conducted before initiating lithium therapy?

Before initiating lithium therapy, it is crucial to conduct tests that assess kidney and thyroid function. Lithium is primarily excreted through the kidneys, and impaired renal function can lead to elevated lithium levels, which increases the risk of toxicity. Thus, evaluating kidney function is essential to ensure that the patient can tolerate the medication safely.

The thyroid function is also monitored because lithium can affect thyroid hormone levels, potentially leading to hypothyroidism in some patients. Assessing thyroid function before starting treatment helps identify any pre-existing conditions or ensures that there is a baseline for future monitoring.

This combination of kidney and thyroid evaluations provides a comprehensive understanding of the patient's health, allowing for safer management of lithium therapy.