Which vitamin supplement is recommended for women before conception and during pregnancy?

Folic acid, a B vitamin, is crucial for women who are planning to conceive or are already pregnant. This supplement plays a significant role in reducing the risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus, which are serious conditions that affect the brain and spine. These defects occur very early in pregnancy, often before a woman even realizes she is pregnant.

Taking folic acid before conception and during the first trimester can significantly lower these risks, making it an essential part of prenatal care. The recommended dosage is typically 400 micrograms per day for women of childbearing age, which may increase depending on individual health needs or previous pregnancy complications.

While vitamin C, iron, and calcium are important nutrients throughout pregnancy, they do not have the specific preventive role that folic acid does concerning neural tube defects. Iron is essential for preventing anemia, and calcium supports bone health, but the focused impact of folic acid on fetal development makes it the most critical supplement in the context of conception and early pregnancy.